Renegade: Henry Miller and the Making of "Tropic of Cancer"

**The untold story of Henry Miller's explosive 1934 novel, banned in America for more than a quarter century** Though branded as pornography for its graphic language and explicit sexuality, Henry Miller's *Tropic of Cancer* is far more than a work that tested American censorship laws. In this riveting book, published to coincide with the fiftieth anniversary of *Tropic of Cancer*'s initial U.S. release, Frederick Turner investigates Miller's unconventional novel, its tumultuous publishing history, and its unique place in American letters. Written in the slums of a foreign city by a man who was an utter literary failure in his homeland, *Tropic of Cancer* was published in 1934 by a pornographer in Paris, but soon banned in the United States. Not until 1961, when Grove Press triumphed over the censors, did Miller's book appear in American bookstores. Turner argues that *Tropic of Cancer* is "lawless, violent, colorful, misogynistic, anarchical, bigoted, and shaped by the same forces that shaped the nation." Further, the novel draws on more than two centuries of New World history, folklore, and popular culture in ways never attempted before. How Henry Miller, outcast and renegade, came to understand what literary dynamite he had within him, how he learned to sound his "war whoop" over the roofs of the world, is the subject of Turner's revelatory study.