Heavy Metal Compounds in Soil: Transformation Upon Soil Pollution and Ecological Significance

Concentrations (clarkes) of chemical elements in different components of the environment are indicative of the redistribution of the elements between the main spheres of the planet. Regional clarkes of chemical elements attest to the geochemical diversity of these spheres. The global ecological role of soil is that it, being a product of interaction between biotic and abiotic components of the environment, exerts its own considerable influence on them. This general statement acquires special significance under conditions of constantly growing technogenic impacts on the environment, including the hazardous chemical pollution. Furthermore, the real interaction between chemical elements in all the components of the biosphere is executed by various groups of chemical compounds specific for each of the components of the environment. In this context, the compounds of chemical elements in soils attract special attention.