Effect of Biotic and Abiotic Factors on the Physiology of Horticultural Plants

The Special Issue "Effect of Biotic and Abiotic Factors on the Physiology of Horticultural Plants" presents recent advances in our understanding of how horticultural species respond to increasingly complex environmental challenges. Horticultural crops, including vegetables, fruits, ornamentals, and medicinal or aromatic plants, are characterized by high economic value and intensive cultivation practices, but also by heightened sensitivity to environmental fluctuations. The contributions to this Special Issue address a wide spectrum of biotic and abiotic stresses, such as salinity, drought, temperature fluctuations, and plant-pathogen interactions, with a strong emphasis on physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses. Particular attention is given to oxidative stress regulation, photosynthetic performance, and the role of signaling networks, including phytohormones and reactive oxygen species. In addition, several studies explore innovative mitigation strategies, such as the application of biostimulants, optimization of environmental parameters in soilless systems, and the exploitation of genetic variability among cultivars and landraces. Overall, this collection provides a comprehensive overview of current research trends, offering valuable knowledge to support the development of resilient horticultural systems in a changing environment.